เสาระเบิด คานแตกร้าว เกิดจากสาเหตุอะไร? (What causes concrete spalling?)

สาเหตุหลักเกิดจากความชื้นซึมเข้าสู่เนื้อคอนกรีต ทำให้เหล็กเสริมด้านในเกิดสนิม ขยายตัว และดันคอนกรีตให้แตกร้าวและหลุดร่อน (The primary cause is moisture penetrating the concrete, causing internal rebar to rust, expand, and burst the concrete cover.)

ขั้นตอนการซ่อมแซมโครงสร้างคอนกรีตที่ถูกต้องเป็นอย่างไร? (What is the proper structural repair procedure?)

ต้องเริ่มจากสกัดคอนกรีตที่เสื่อมสภาพ ค้ำยันโครงสร้าง ขัดสนิมเสริมเหล็กใหม่ ทาน้ำยาประสาน และฉาบซ่อมด้วยปูนกำลังอัดสูง Non-shrink Grout (Requires chipping away deteriorated concrete, shoring, rebar treatment, bonding agent, and applying high-strength non-shrink grout.)

รอยร้าวผนังแบบไหนที่อันตรายและควรเรียกวิศวกร? (Which wall cracks are dangerous?)

รอยร้าวเฉียงทำมุม 45 องศา รอยร้าวแนวดิ่งที่กว้างเกิน 2-3 มม. และรอยร้าวที่แยกออกจากเสาโครงสร้าง ควรเรียกวิศวกรตรวจสอบทันที (Deep 45-degree diagonal cracks, wide vertical cracks, and column-wall separations require immediate engineering inspection.)

098-843-4977 / 099-424-1994

Book a site survey

Black and White Modern Simple Paper Marble Texture Abstract Geometric Architecture Present

Concrete Spalling (Bursting Pillars) & Rusted Rebar

Main Causes Moisture or water penetration reaches the internal reinforcing steel, causing it to rust, expand, and forcefully spall the concrete cover.

Structural Risks Significantly reduces the column's load-bearing capacity, leading to a high risk of structural failure due to buckling.

Engineering Standard Repair

Chip away deteriorated concrete and thoroughly treat rebar rust.
Restore the section using high-strength Non-Shrink Repair Mortar.
Strengthen the structure with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP Jacketing) compliant with ACI 546R standards to restore structural integrity.

Cracked Beams Shear Cracks, Flexural Cracks, and Deflection

Types of Cracks to Watch For

Shear Cracks Diagonal cracks (approx. 45 degrees) occurring near columns or supports. These pose a severe risk of sudden, brittle structural failure.

Flexural Cracks Vertical cracks typically found near the mid-span or areas of maximum bending moment.

Engineering Standard Repair

Comprehensive crack evaluation based on ACI 224.1R guidelines.
For cracks wider than 0.3 mm, low-pressure Epoxy Injection is applied to completely seal and structurally bond the fissure.
Beam strengthening against shear and bending forces using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) or U-Wrap techniques.

Concrete Floor Deterioration Carbonation, Delamination,

and Leakage

Causes of Degradation Driven by Carbonation, which reduces concrete alkalinity, causing rebar to rust and spall. Often exacerbated by chronic water leakage in roofs, bathrooms, and basements.

Warning Signs Hollow-sounding concrete (Delamination) detected through sounding tests. Ignoring this severely reduces load capacity and increases Punching Shear risks.

Engineering Standard Repair

Chip and remove all deteriorated and delaminated concrete down to a sound substrate.
Remove rust and apply specialized Rust Inhibitors to protect the reinforcing steel.
Patch and resurface with high-strength, Polymer-Modified Repair Mortar to fully restore the floor's structural capacity.

Comprehensive Structural Repair Solutions by Expert Engineers I CAN BUILD CONSULTANT AND ENGINEERING CO., LTD.
provides professional, turnkey structural repair services. We specialize in resolving cracked beams, bursting columns, floor deterioration, and overall structural remediation for commercial buildings, factories, and residential properties.

Why Choose Our Structural Engineering Services?

Precise Diagnostics with Modern Technology Our expert structural engineers conduct on-site root-cause analysis using advanced tools to accurately diagnose structural issues, preventing future complications and cost overruns.
International Engineering Standards We systematically plan and execute all structural repairs, adhering strictly to globally recognized structural engineering principles.
Supervised by Professional Engineers Every project is closely managed and inspected by certified Professional Engineers (Senior Level), ensuring the absolute highest level of safety and compliance.
Premium Materials & On-Time Delivery We utilize top-tier, engineering-grade repair materials to deliver fast and punctual results. Our ultimate commitment is to your structural safety and complete satisfaction.

Concrete Spalling in Columns

Root Cause Moisture penetrates the concrete and reaches the reinforcing steel, causing oxidation. As the steel rusts, it expands, creating internal pressure that forces the outer concrete layer to burst or spall.

Structural Risks The load-bearing capacity of the column is severely compromised, increasing the risk of buckling and sudden structural failure.

Engineering Solution Deteriorated concrete is chipped away, and the rebar is treated with rust inhibitors. The section is then restored using high-strength non-shrink grout and can be further reinforced with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP).

Column Overloading & Structural Inadequacy

Root Cause Stemming from initial structural design errors, lack of adequate safety factors, or unauthorized building extensions that add uncalculated loads to the existing columns and foundations.

Structural Risks Leads to deep structural cracks, differential settlement, and carries the ultimate risk of complete building collapse.

Engineering Solution Immediate structural shoring is required. The columns are then strengthened using Concrete Jacketing (enlarging the cross-section) or Steel Jacketing techniques, strictly guided by a professional structural engineer's calculations.

Bursting and

Cracked Beams

Root Cause Similar to column spalling, this is heavily driven by water leakage from upper floors or roofs. The moisture corrodes the internal beam reinforcement, causing it to expand and crack the surrounding concrete.

Structural Risks The beam loses critical flexural and shear strength, which can lead to slab sagging and extreme hazard for occupants.

Engineering Solution The primary water leak must be resolved first. Deteriorated sections are chipped off, rebar is treated, and deep cracks are sealed using low-pressure Epoxy Injection, followed by high-strength patching.

Slab Soffit Spalling & Delamination

Root Cause Frequently found beneath bathrooms, flat roofs, or chronically wet areas. Moisture penetrates failing grout lines, severely corroding the slab's reinforcement network until the concrete soffit delaminates and falls off.

Structural Risks Falling concrete debris poses an immediate physical threat to people below. Prolonged neglect severely thins the slab, leading to potential punching shear failure.

Engineering Solution The upper waterproofing system must be completely overhauled. The underside requires removing all loose concrete, treating the rusted rebar with a rust converter, and resurfacing with a high-bond Polymer Modified Repair Mortar.

Concrete Column & Beam Repair

The Problem Concrete columns and beams often suffer from cracking and spalling when moisture penetrates the concrete cover. This causes the internal reinforcing steel to rust, expand, and forcefully push the concrete apart.

Structural Impact This specific damage significantly reduces the structural load-bearing capacity. Ignoring this deterioration can lead to severe structural settlement, shifting, or complete failure.

Engineering Solution

Install secure temporary shoring systems to guarantee safety during the repair process.
Chip away all compromised concrete down to a sound substrate and thoroughly remove rust from the exposed rebar.
Apply advanced rust inhibitors to prevent future corrosion.
Restore the cross-section and apply structural strengthening using high-strength, non-shrink repair mortars or epoxy injections, ensuring the building's load capacity is fully recovered and compliant with engineering standards.

I Can build consultant การซ่อมเสาและคานคอนกรีต

Structural Repair & Strengthening Methods

The selection of column and beam repair methods depends on the severity of the damage and engineering assessments to fully restore structural safety. Core methods include

Concrete Jacketing (Section Enlargement) Casting a new concrete envelope to increase the cross-sectional area of columns and beams, significantly enhancing overall load-bearing capacity.
Increasing Concrete Cover Adding depth to the concrete cover to effectively shield reinforcing steel from moisture, preventing future oxidation and spalling.
Shear Strengthening Installing additional shear links or stirrups to increase shear capacity, safeguarding the structure against diagonal cracking and sudden failure.
Advanced Corrosion Protection Implementing specialized surface coatings and engineering-grade inhibitors to permanently halt and prevent future rebar corrosion.

01

6-Step Structural Repair Process

Deteriorated Concrete Removal Systematically chip away all cracked, spalled, and degraded concrete until a completely sound substrate is exposed.
Temporary Shoring Installation If significant sections of load-bearing concrete must be removed, structural shoring is immediately installed to safely transfer loads and prevent structural failure during repair.
Rebar Preparation & Replacement Thoroughly sandblast or brush away all rust from the exposed reinforcing steel. If the rebar has lost more than 15% of its cross-section, new steel of equal or greater diameter is spliced in. Intact steel is treated with a heavy-duty rust inhibitor.
Bonding Agent & Formwork Setup Apply an engineering-grade structural bonding agent to guarantee perfect adhesion between the existing structure and the new material, followed by secure formwork installation.
High-Strength Mortar Application Restore the section using specialized, high-strength Repair Mortar or Non-shrink Grout. This is applied via form-and-pour grouting or trowel-applied patching, depending on project requirements.
Curing & Surface Finishing Allow strictly monitored curing time before carefully removing the formwork. The surface is then skimmed and finished to seamlessly match the original structure.

02

Wall Crack Repair Services

Precise Diagnostics & Permanent Wall Crack Solutions At I CAN BUILD, our team of expert engineers and technicians specializes in structural diagnostics and wall crack repairs. We do not just cover up the cracks; we identify the "Root Cause" to apply the correct engineering standards and materials, ensuring the cracks never return.

Common Types of Wall Cracks & Their Causes

Diagonal Cracks around Door/Window Frames Typically caused by the absence of "Stiffener Columns and Lintels" during masonry work. Without this essential support framing, the wall cannot bear the localized weight, resulting in diagonal shear cracks.
Vertical Cracks on Walls or Column Joints Often caused by the thermal expansion/contraction of plaster, minor structural movement, or the failure to install "Wall Ties" connecting the masonry wall to the structural concrete columns.
Severe Exterior Cracks (Diagonal Structural Cracks) A critical warning sign usually pointing to Differential Foundation Settlement. This type of damage requires immediate assessment and underpinning by a structural engineer, not just surface patching.

The I CAN BUILD Repair Standard

We utilize advanced, task-specific materials for every repair. This includes high-grade PU Sealants for non-structural movement cracks, low-pressure Epoxy Injections for structural bonding, or physically retrofitting missing lintels to provide a permanent, structural fix.

Advanced Reinforcement

Crack Stitching & Steel Plate Embedding

The Ultimate Solution For severe vertical cracks or wide separations between structural columns and masonry walls, standard surface patching is insufficient. I CAN BUILD employs an advanced structural repair technique known as "Crack Stitching."
How It Works Our technicians chase the crack and embed heavy-duty steel plates or reinforcement bars perpendicularly across the fissure. These act as structural anchors, tightly binding the separated masonry together and preventing any future movement or recurring cracks.
100% Engineer-Calculated Structural integrity is paramount. The precise spacing, dimensions of the steel plates, and the specific high-strength structural epoxy used for anchoring are strictly calculated and supervised by our professional structural engineers to guarantee maximum tensile strength.

Column-Wall Joint Cracks The "Missing Wall Ties" Problem "

The Root Cause of Separation Long vertical cracks between structural columns and masonry walls are often the result of poor construction practices, specifically the failure to install "Wall Ties" or "Dowel Bars." Standard engineering requires 6mm rebar inserted every 40cm to properly anchor the wall to the column.
The Impact of Missing Anchors Without these crucial structural ties, any minor building movement, vibration, or thermal expansion will cause the unanchored masonry to pull away from the column, instantly creating a deep, visible separation.
The Ultimate Engineering Fix Standard surface patching will not solve this structural defect. The definitive solution requires Structural Reinforcement (Crack Stitching). Our engineers carefully calculate the precise placement, spacing, and materials needed to permanently anchor the wall back to the column structure.
I CAN BUILD Recommendation While missing wall ties are a common culprit, cracks can stem from various underlying issues. We highly recommend consulting our professional engineers for an accurate on-site diagnostic to determine the exact root cause and implement a targeted repair plan.